Heat Wave Risks
San Diego is known for its beautiful weather, but extreme heat can create serious health risks, especially for older adults. Seniors are more vulnerable to heat-related illness because their bodies may not adjust to high temperatures as effectively as they did when they were younger. Certain medications and chronic health conditions can also increase the risk.
During a heat wave, families, caregivers and neighbors can take several simple steps to help seniors stay safe and comfortable.
Keep Seniors Cool
The safest place for an older adult during extreme heat is a cool, air-conditioned environment. Keep windows and blinds closed during the hottest part of the day, and avoid using ovens or other appliances that generate heat.
If a senior does not have air conditioning or their home becomes too warm, consider taking them to an air-conditioned public location, such as a library, community center or shopping center.
Fans may provide some comfort, but they should not be the only way to cool someone when indoor temperatures become dangerously high.
Encourage Regular Hydration
Older adults may not always recognize when they are thirsty, so encourage them to drink water regularly throughout the day. Don't wait until they feel thirsty before offering fluids.
Some seniors may have medical conditions that require them to limit how much they drink. If that is the case, follow their healthcare provider's instructions and ask whether their fluid intake should be adjusted during periods of extreme heat.
Avoid the Hottest Part of the Day
Whenever possible, schedule walks, errands and appointments for the morning or evening, when temperatures are lower. During the hottest hours, seniors should stay indoors or in a shaded, air-conditioned environment.
If going outside is necessary, lightweight clothing, a hat and plenty of breaks can help reduce heat exposure.
Pay Attention to Medications
Certain medications can increase the risk of dehydration or make it harder for the body to regulate its temperature. Seniors should never stop taking prescribed medication because of the heat, but they can ask their doctor or pharmacist whether any special precautions are necessary.
Families should also make sure medications are stored at the appropriate temperature, particularly during a power outage.
Check on Older Adults Regularly
A simple phone call or visit can make a big difference during a heat wave. Check on older relatives, friends and neighbors, particularly those who live alone or do not have reliable air conditioning.
Make sure they have enough water, a cool place to stay and a way to get help if they begin feeling unwell.
Know the Warning Signs
Heat-related illness can cause heavy sweating, headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, muscle cramps and unusual fatigue. More serious symptoms can include confusion, fainting or loss of consciousness.
If an older adult develops severe symptoms or appears confused or unconscious, call 911 immediately.
A Little Preparation Goes a Long Way
Extreme heat can be dangerous, but a little planning can help keep San Diego's seniors safe. Encourage regular hydration, keep homes as cool as possible, limit outdoor activities during the hottest hours and check on older adults frequently.
Most importantly, don't assume that a senior is doing fine simply because they haven't complained about the heat. A phone call, a visit or a ride to a cooler location could make all the difference.
